Debt is a fact of life. We live in a society where being in debt is actively encouraged. From student loans, interest-free overdrafts, credit cards and car finance to taking out a mortgage to buy your first home and equity release deals for the older generation. After you leave school no matter what stage of life you’re in you simply can’t avoid debt.
But how we manage our finances and our attitude towards debt will determine what, if any, problems we’ll face in the future.
Back in 2007 one in every four mortgages was sub-prime – meaning one out of every four applicants had some level of adverse credit or bad debt, whether a missed telephone or credit card bill to more extreme cases of a growing debt mountain made up of arrears and other missed payments.
With lending to these types of people almost obliterated due to the credit crunch the situation has gone from bearable to bad and it’s only going to get worse.
Earlier this month new figures showed that the number of individuals filing for bankruptcy rose more than 20% in England and Wales – despite new government measures put in place in April this year to reduce the figure.
And the only good news to come out of the same set of figures was that while the number of personal insolvencies may be on the up, the number of companies going bust was going down – meaning fewer job losses.
The best way to stay out of debt is to avoid it altogether but for many of us that simply isn’t practical.
But how you manage the debt you are in will determine whether you sink or swim.
Different routes to consider
For those with struggling with too much unsecured debt a management plan, where all your debts are managed in one place by a specialist management company, could be the answer.
Danny Lovey, managing director and specialist adviser of Basildon-based The Mortgage Practioner, explains:
“Say for example you have five debts in total, three credit cards, a couple of unsecured loans, and it is costing you £500 per month to service the debt, but you can only afford £150 and the lenders agree then this could be the way to get monthly payments down.”
Often though it can be a multi-faceted problem. Maybe you are behind with the mortgage, second charge debts, unsecured debts and the like and maybe it is the second charge company taking you to court for repossession.
“This can make it awkward and you will likely have to strike some deal with them or risk the court granting repossession,” warns Lovey “It is the second charge bandits that are the most difficult to fend off. Some of the adverse lenders that have since closed down may have sold your loan to another third party which has absolutely no interest in treating customers fairly.”
Last resort
As a last resort there are also bankruptcy and IVA options.
Bankruptcy has long been the traditional way of escaping big debts and although ending after one year it comes with a high price to pay as you are likely to lose all your assets – including your home – to pay something to creditors.
The IVA or individual voluntary arrangement is a deal between you and your creditors, overseen by an insolvency practitioner.
There is less stigma attached to an IVA than bankruptcy, and also less chance of losing your home.
But there are also Debt Relief Orders. This is a new concept that was introduced in April this year and allows consumers with debts of less than £15,000 to write them off without going down the bankruptcy route.
“You have to look at all the available options before you go down the bankruptcy or IVA route as in my mind you should try exhaust every other opportunity first,” says Lovey.
“You can repair a dodgy payment profile but you can’t make the fact that you’ve been bankrupt or had an IVA disappear from your credit file and this could throw up a whole host of problems later in life.”
All cases will be different which is why seeking the advice of a professional adviser or the citizens advice bureau at an early stage is vital.
Ways to drive down debt
If you think you are struggling with debt then you’ve already taken the first step in getting to grips with your finances. The next is to talk to somebody about it – either an independent financial adviser or you can contact your local citizens advice bureau.
But before you do there are a couple of simple steps that you can take which will start to focus your mind and tackle the problem before you.
- If you’re having problems paying your mortgage talk to your lender and explain the problem as soon as possible.
- If you’ve got credit cards, cut them up. And depending on the level of debt you are in, look to switch the debt to a cheaper rate of interest with another card provider. If you do this, don’t use the new credit card.
- Write a list of your income and your expenses. What can you cut back on? This can be anything from buying supermarket branded goods as opposed to branded goods. Taking a packed lunch to work instead of buying food on the go can save up to a £1000 per year while kicking the morning cappuccino into touch can save over £500 per year.
- How do you pay your bills? Switching to direct debit can save you hundreds of pounds per year. This is especially true with credit cards as missing a payment can cost you dear.
- What else can you do to maximise your income? Are you claiming all the benefits you are entitled to, such as child tax credits? You can access a full list of benefits on the Department for Work and Pensions website: http://www.dwp.gov.uk/directgov.shtml
- Think about getting a part time job to top up your income, such as bar work or home work you can revolve around normal office hours.
Danny Lovey stresses the importance of taking appropriate advice.
“For those who do not have a financial adviser of any kind, the citizens advice bureau should be your first point of call - they are good at analysing your problems and often refer on to someone who is a specialist in the field who will not charge you and arm and a leg for an initial chat.”
If you are specifically looking for help with your unsecured debt that you know you can’t currently afford, talk to a debt adviser >>